In Patients with retinal detachments may present with “flashes,” “floaters,” or a
“curtain” over the visual field. Funduscopic findings may include a pale,
billowing parachute-like fundus, and a retina that appears partially out of focus.

In Patients with vitreous detachments often complain of “flashes” or “floaters.”
Visual loss may not be noted unless there is a retinal tear, vitreous hemorrhage,
or retinal detachment.

In Monocular maculopathy may prompt a loss of central vision, but peripheral
vision often is spared.

In Central retinal artery occlusion can be indicated by a pale retina with cherry-red
macula. These patients require emergent ophthalmologic evaluations and should
be assessed for embolic complications.
In A “blood and thunder” fundus is indicative of central venous artery occlusion,
which warrants urgent outpatient treatment.

In The most concerning etiology of amaurosis fugax is ischemia to the retinal
vessels or optic nerve from giant cell arteritis. These patients may or may not
present with classic temporal cephalalgia; ESR and CRP measurements should
be ordered in any elderly patient with a new headache.